Smoking habits among medical and nursing students

If we are asked to name one stubborn evil of the society that has plagued it for centuries now, it will have to be the habit of smoking. When you visit a physician with your troubles, amongst the series of questions presented before you, one or two of them is inevitably concerned with your relationship with smoking. But interestingly, studies that were previously conducted to assess the credibility of medical and nursing students as the origin of future treatments that stems from smoking and tobacco consumption, it was discovered that they too indulge in this habit. However, the primary aim of the study was to compare the smoking habits of these medical and nursing students and outline whether or not their course of education has inculcated any change in this pattern.

Smoking habits

This research was conducted over 1000 students pursuing a career in medicine and nursing from a single university and was studied using a questionnaire containing the Fagerstrom test meant to measure nicotine dependence. Out of the entire capacity, only 397 medical and 126 nursing students took and completed the survey. However, the results established the fact that the number of medical students smoking amounted to only 3.3% while the number of nursing students was around 13.5%, which is much lesser when compared to the former group. Furthermore, more nursing students (17.8%) were smokers in the past than medical students (9.8%). Additionally, the severity as proclaimed by the Nicotine dependence test which in turn depends on five or six other factors in the FTND was found to be higher in the case of nursing students that their medical counterparts.

After comparing the departmental credentials, this same survey was utilized to check the difference in numbers within the classes; the smoking or quit rates did not deviate by large numbers across class years in both the medical and nursing batches. While the number of students who quit smoking in the group of nursing students was moreover constant, the medical students, however, had a different picture to present. The distinction in the latter classification was in the time since quitting which significantly varied across the class years and thereby produced an uneven graph. Even though the smoking habits of the medical and nursing students negligibly altered during their academics, a considerable population of the medical students quit smoking just before entering college while the nursing students nourished the habit even when in college and gave up on it later.

After having gone through all the above-mentioned facts and numbers, we can safely conclude that the smoking habits that prevailed amongst the medical and nursing students have reduced considerably over the last few years and the most glaring reason that can be assigned to this decline is the awareness that they are brought in touch with by their academic courses. Nonetheless, the universities and government must still make efforts to promote the consequences of a prolonged smoking habit amidst students and try to convince them to switch to e-liquids to eradicate the use of tobacco. Both these groups of students are potential advisors and rescuers of patients and the overall public health in accordance with smoking.

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How to repair a windshield?

If your car has been through a series of ordeals and has inevitably developed a chipped windshield, then you must start repairing it as soon as possible; because the more this fault is overlooked, the higher are its chances to lead to grave consequences. The outermost layer of the windshield is considered to be the toughest one and once that is penetrated, it will not take much time for the crack to spread through the rest of the screen. A damaged windshield increases the vulnerability of your vehicle making it more susceptible to accidents, increasing risks by limiting the function of the airbags and limiting visibility. Additionally, if the windshield is not repaired during the initial stages of its disfigurement, you will eventually have to replace it which is most likely to cost you a lot. In the segment below, we will note down a few ways of repairing your windshield.

repairing your windshield

  • Clean the area

First things first, before diving straight into the process of repair, prepare the chip and the surrounding area of the windshield to implement the procedure. Remember to clean the area with some alcohol and concentrate around the point that has been affected the most. Move on to thoroughly clean the area and eliminate small pecks of glass or dust particles if stuck amidst the crack. You can turn the mirror of your car towards the inside of the windshield so that you are procured with an all-round view of the windshield to cover every bit of it.

  • Seal the chip

After profusely cleaning the chip, center the bridge or tool of choice that will be used directly over it. This method is like bandaging a cut or scratches on one’s body; form a seal over the chip essentially where the glass is missing. Once you have created the seal and ensured that the entire area is covered, put a few drops of resin into the injector area.

  • Inject the chip

If you are done pouring the resin into the injector, employ it to push the liquid into the crack on the windshield; start injecting it only when you are certain that you can see the crack from all sides. Keep a track of your proceedings; you will be required to release air and re-inject the resin as per requirements for the latter to successfully settle in between the cracks. On completion, leave it alone for about 10-15 minutes to completely dry out.

  • Time to fill the missing glass

Now it is about time to fill the missing portion of the glass in the chip. Obtain your pit filler and drop a few drops of it directly into the pits of the chip (pits are the sleek gaps in the crack from where the glass is missing) on the point of impact. Once this is done, gather a plastic curing tab and cover the area that has undergone the filling. Let it rest for a few minutes in a dry atmosphere, preferably under the sun to render the entire mechanism a smooth finish.

  • Take off the excess

After the surface of the windshield has dried off, take off the excess pit filler settled in the cracks. If you want, you can use a polish to grant it its lost shine and vitality and bring back the original appeal of your vehicle’s windshield.

  • Seek professional help

Sometimes, trying to carry out this entire mechanism all by yourself can seem excruciating and time-taking; additionally, the possibility of going wrong cannot be eliminated. Therefore, to steer away from any of these probable restitutions, seek assistance from a professional like Aero Auto Glass who will identify all your needs and present customized strategies to repair the windshield.

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Challenges accompanying research in academic fields

The number of students and scholars opting for higher studies, especially in the field of research are only increasing by the day. Also, the availability of such diverse documents presenting distinct perspectives all of which are equally crucial to curate a complete paper, has further enhanced the level of clarity and understanding. Apart from this group of researchers, college and university students too, find it excruciating to look up several academic information on the internet. Not only is the method strenuous and lengthy, but must be addressed with improved attention and knowledge which is not everybody’s cup of tea.

research in academic

When a student enters a query in the search engine of Google or any other platform, he or she is immediately presented with a series of results that are meant to cover different aspects and in most cases display contradictory information. Browsing through these multiple results only increase the confusion of the undergraduate students who are not still quite well-equipped with all the notches of their subject. The number of resources and services available are infinite and everytime one reads through a document following the other, the discrepancies only escalate.

The range of options available on the internet is not simply restricted to the content procured by several publishing websites and organizations but, extend to the varieties of versions that are made available in. For instance, changeable prints along with online formats, academic databases, unfamiliar library consortia systems and several other forms of search methods whose primary objective is to expand or reduce the information to be searched, leads to further inexplicable complexities. Apar from these, a student can also avail his desired material through new open-access resources and complicated Web Online Public Access Catalog Systems (OPAC) which cannot be fully explored with definite technological knowledge and understanding.

In order to genuinely assist the students and prompt them with useful documents through Article Delivery Service or other formats of DDS and other valid recourses, the focus must necessarily be shifted from sourcing several search results to limiting it to the most legitimate few. Before going through these components, there are a few crucial guidelines that a student must understand while looking for the appropriate academic results in Google. Some of the ingredients that influence and will effectively narrow down the papers you are looking for include Inter-library loans, popular academic databases, Document Delivery which consists of ILL and DD, web OPAC, library subject guides and library consortia. Rather than relying upon the dozens of reports suggested and put forth by the internet, conducting your research employing these mechanisms will make things easier and delineate an integrated solution for the entire procedure.

With the change of schemes and emergence of several technological innovations including Natural Sciences PDF Supply Services, the possible ways of looking at a subject and evaluating its tendencies have been made easier. Another thing that must also be considered while calculating the number of recourses a student will be sufficed with, the genre of subject that is being dealt with here matters too. While courses of literature, economics or history can have unlike perspectives and diverse materials, the subjects pertaining to science, specifically Geography, Biology and Medical Sciences should be regarded with enough clarity so the undergraduate students know what they are dealing with and are furnished with an extensive research in these fields. Document Delivery Service, specifically, is concerned with providing information to the students based on extensive discovery which therefore, open doors for publishing fully digitalized papers on various scientific articles like Medical Sciences full text to render the student with an all-round idea of his research subject to widen his knowledge and experience about the same.

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Why Brexit Will Not Affect The Market Of Vapes

With the topsy-turvy the world is witnessing regarding Brexit, every one awaits the final result of the different business and trading deals that will be fixed in regard of the incident of divorce of UK from European Union. There will be massive changes in the policies of trading between the EU and Britain, which will affect a wide number of industries and sectors economically. But one industry that will show constancy in terms of sales and stature or even grow gradually is the nicotine industry. This includes the e-cigarettes and tobacco industry. Even in tumultuous times, this is one of the industries that promise not to falter but prosper instead.

brexit

Source: https://www.adweek.com

Vaping has shown a promising growth in sales since it has been considered by the PHE(Public Health England) as a successful cessation to smoking. Tobacco has been observed as an ultimate recession-proof product. The greater world has seen many ups and downs in the economy, the greatest falls in the US stocks but these mishaps could not affect tobacco shares. Tobacco products’ sales decrease with each year due to campaigns all over the world regarding the health issues and deaths caused by tobacco. But tobacco companies levy extra tax with the marginal rise in price of the products to do with the decreasing sales every year. The business plan is fool proof; hence the tobacco industry stays rigid in its profit margin. In UK, smoking costs the economy a ransom amount of money. Though UK has a target of making itself smoke-free by 2030, the recent intimacy of the PM with the tobacco firm will not affect the existence of the market.

The e-cigarette industry has shown to be prominent since the last decade when different clinical studies have declared vaping as much less harm causing and positive compared to tobacco. Many tobacco companies are shifting to production of vapes considering the reason that it is the next trending unbeatable product to sell. E-cigarettes regulation in Europe are governed by a body called Tobacco Products Directive and they have imposed many limitations like vape tank capacities, nicotine concentration, bottle sizes and even advertisements on vape products.

The UK vape industry on the other hand is a fully fledged safe industry which encourages smokers to shift from smoking tobacco to vaping. This industry is flourishing day by day giving the number of customers it is attracting. After Brexit happens finally, the UK government has considered looking over the policies of TPD and if they abolish them, the sales in the vaping industry will see growth on a global scale. UK has a thriving industry of vapes with consumers free to access different products. It comes second in the world just after USA, the first vaping industry in the world. The revision of the tobacco control and regulations is tending to be of great importance given the aim of ‘Smoke Free Britain’ by 2030. The government will try to persuade all the smokers into vaping. Tobacco or vape industry is an industry of much importance and will hold a strong policy when the Brexit finally comes out. The UK government will definitely amend the terms of TPD and relax it more, applying some limitations on the sale of products of vape.

Reference: Shake and Vape website

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Athens City Center

Areas In Athens City Center

Athens is the capital city of Greece and it is also the biggest city in Greece. It is one of the oldest towns in the world. It is believed that Athens has been in existence for over 3400 years. Archaeologists say that the first human presence in Athens was found long time ago.

It is one of the biggest economic centers in the southern east Europe, global city. It also consists of a port Piraeus which is the largest passenger port in Europe and the second largest in the world. Athens being one of the oldest town it has cool places to visit where one can enjoy with their family. The best time to visit Athens is during the spring and fall, when the temperatures are warm and the tourist traffic is at minimum. While in Athens, it is good to take a tour to some places like presented below;

Athens City Center

Monastiraki

Activities like clothing boutiques, souvenir shops, and specialty store are homed in this flea market. If you are into bargain shopping, this is a place for you to tour and carry some products with you back home. It is strategically located in a square which happens to be a host to the Church of the Pantanassa.

Plaka

Plaka is like a small village in a huge city. It is strategically located on the slopes of acropolis, one of the biggest attraction site in Athens, and has antique buildings that beckon and command attention even when you are not interested. Plaka has several museum where one can visit such as; Jewish museum, Greek folk art museum, Athens university museum, Pavlos and Alexandra kaellopoulou museum, Frissiras museum. Plaka has very strict regulations when it comes to conservation because the social utilities like water are underground in custom-made tunnels.

Temple of Athena Nike

After its construction, this temple has been demolished three times and reconstructed. Nike is the ancient Greek word meaning victory. It was initially constructed due to the cult of Athena Nike, but was later on demolished by the Persians. The reason I find most ambiguous for destruction of the temple is when it was demolished by the Turks so that they could build defense using the stones. Were there no stones available at the moment?

National archaeological museum of Athens

This museum was founded a couple of centuries ago and it houses various archaeological and historical collections including, Mycenean gold cups from Grave IV and V, The Mask of Agamemnon, a gold funeral mask, sculptures, and The Mask of Agamemnon, a gold funeral mask, among others. It was first known as the central museum, before being renamed by Charilaos Trikoupis in 1881, the then prime minister of Greece. The museum managed to stand the Second World War by sealing the antiquities in special boxes and burying them to avoid destruction and theft. To this day, this museum stand in Patission Street, and is worth paying a visit.

Agora: ruins of the ancient market place

Agora is a Greek word meaning gather and orate. From Agora, a short hike is available to the top of the Agora hill from where you get a beautiful view of the Temple of Hephaistos and the ancient Library of Hadrian. At Agora, citizens gathered for sports, politics and any other social activity that brought them together.

Acropolis museum

Most archaeological findings from the Acropolis of Athens are stored in this museum, a good reason you should not leave Athens without setting your feet here. It is an award winning museum with at least six awards. Even though the museum was founded in 2003, it did not open to the public until June 2009.

As part of the top news from Greece, I found this information to be educative so that as you plan to visit Athens, you do not wonder where to start from.

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